Eight time slots make up a frame so one frame last aprx for 5 ms. The gsm network architecture consists of three major subsystems. The chapter discusses gsm frequency bands, the gsm public land mobile network plmn and its objectives and services, gsm architecture and gsm subsystem entities, interfaces, and protocols between gsm. Gsm tutorial gsm is a globally accepted standard for digital cellular communications. The additional components of the gsm architecture comprise of databases and messaging systems functions. Gsm architecture and subsystems by standard the gsm network is divided into four 4 subsystems 1. Introduction global system for mobile communication gsm anybody 500 million users may 2001 anywhere 168 countries may 2001 any media voice, messaging, data, multimedia source. Pdf gsm means global system for mobile communication.
It is a standard initially created to solve the incompatibility of the 1g cellular systems and equipments in europe. They contain a great number of technical recommendations for the mobile radio network and the main headings are as follows. Gsm often described as a true intelligence network, gsm is called the first true wireless network because. Gsm architecture, gsm network identities, network cases. Gsm architecture how it works global system for mobile course by telcoma training. A gsm modem is a device which can be either a mobile phone or a modem device which can be used to make a computer or any other processor communicate over a network. The generic gsm network architecture is composed of three subsystems as the radio subsystem rss, the network and switching subsystem nss and the operation subsystem oss. A simplified view of the gsm edge network architecture can be seen in the diagram below. Wireless course location of mobile telephone not fixed tracked by mobile network mn mn must accept incoming calls at one or more fixed exchanges called gateway routing of call to mobile handled by mn subequent routing due to movement of mobile handled entirely by mn handovers. These functions and interfaces are explained in this chapter. This base transceiver station is based on a radio and an antenna.
The architecture of the gsm network is presented in figure. Strictly defined interface determines how the functions are proceeding in the network and which functions are implemented internally by the network element. From this it can be seen that it is very similar to the more basic gsm network architecture, but with additional elements. The location area is defined as an area in which a mobile station may move freely without updating the location register. The network operator observes and maintains network quality and service offered through the nms. A gsm network consists of several functional entities, whose functions and interfaces are defined. As of may 2001, over 550 million people were subscribers to mobile telecommunications. Among the factors that helped to precipitate the creation of gsm, was the realization that localized solutions. Additionally,the evolvedpacketdatagatewayepdgprovidessecurity. Given below is a simple pictorial view of the gsm architecture. Authentication confidentiality on the air interface is achieved by scrambling on the basis of algorithm a5, that is implemented in the mobile phone and in the network. Gsm architecture free download as powerpoint presentation. Operator may obtain different network components form different suppliers. This gsm tutorial covers gsm basics, gsm architecture and gsm system features.
The proposed design is based on usercentric mobile environment with. Architecture of the gsm system gsm is a plmn public land mobile network several providers setup mobile networks following the gsm standard within each country gsm system comprises 3 subsystems rss radio subsystem. Gsm architecture notes introduction to gsm architecture. Audience this tutorial has been designed for readers who want to understand the basics of gsm in very simple terms. In this paper we propose a new design solution for network architecture of future 5g mobile networks. Eng page 2 of 7 1 gsm network infrastructure the following figure depicts a typical gsm network called, public. Comparision of 3g wireless networks and 4g wireless. Gsm subscriber services self test correct answers glossary 1. Gsm gsm full form is global system for mobile communication. The mobile station ms the base station subsystem bss the network switching subsystem nss the operation support subsystem oss given below is a simple pictorial view of the gsm architecture. Due to the mobility of the subscribers, the organisational structure must be subdivided into different processing elements.
Originally, it operates in the 900 mhz band, but subsequently the 1. This is the most widely used digital communication technology of today. The cellular concept cellular mobile communication is based on the concept of frequency reuse. In a gsm network, whether 2g or 3g, radios node b at the cell site provide the radio air interface for each cell. It can be connected to a computer through serial, usb or. The global system for mobile communications gsm which is a standard for 2g second generation cellular networks has created an avenue for the development of 3g third generation and 4g fourth generation cellular network standards such as universal mobile telecommunications system umts and long term evolution lte. The network architecture for gsm edge was basically the same as that used with gprs sgsn network entity. The emphasis in the design for these network elements is in providing the. An internet is a network of networks in which routers move data among a multiplicity of networks. It has an open, distributed architecture the separation of switching and service control functions full use of ss7 as the signaling infrastructure its clearly defined and specified interfaces the nature of its in structure. In a 3g prerelease 8 network, the rncs and sgsns are designed to support both the signaling and bearer plane processing and bandwidth requirements. Networkpdnbyassigninganipaddressfromthe pdntotheue,amongotherfunctions. Functions of different entities of gsm detailed desscription of 2g bts.
The subscriber carries the mobile station, which is part or rss. Gsm stands for the global system for mobile communications. Gsm network and services 2g1723 johan montelius gsm multiple access transmission in a carrier is divided into time slots of 0. Evolutionary analysis of gsm, umts and lte mobile network. A physical channel is made up of one of the slots in each frame. The gsm network architecture wireless communication. In the sms network operated by gsm service providers four layers of transport are used figure 1. By standard the gsm network is divided into four 4 subsystems. Gsm network architecture, channelisation, signalling and. Keywords gsm architecture, base station subsystembss, network switch subsystemnss, operational subsystemoss, gsm channels, traffic channels tch, control channels cch i.
Overview of the gsm system and protocol architecture. The purpose of oss is to offer the customer costeffective support for centralized, regional, and local operational and maintenance activities that are required for a gsm network. This article is intended to assist with this objective. Like all modern mobile networks, gsm utilizes a cellular structure as illus trated in figure 1. Geographical structures in a mobile communication network gsm is a worldwide standard for mobile communication with an extensive coverage. It involves three main subsystems, each containing functional units and interconnected with the others through a series of standard interfaces. Generic architecture of gsm free download as powerpoint presentation.
Kth information and communication technology 2g30 mobile and wireless network architectures maguire total pages. A radio network controller rnc provides control over multiple cell sites. Cellular concept several small cells instead of a single transmitter frequency reuse. An important function of oss is to provide a network overview and support the. The scrambling key kc is generated by the operator and by the sim. Introduction the development of global system for mobile communication gsm started in 1982 when the conference of european posts. The gsm network can be divided into following broad parts. Gsm network identities these are the unique numbers used to locate a mobile subscriber e. The 2g gsm network architecture, although now superseded gives an excellent introduction into some of the basic capabilities required to set up a mobile communications phone network and how all the entities operate together.
Base transceiver station bts it is responsible for the wireless communication between mobile and its relevant network. Cellular networks khoury college of computer sciences. Section 1 gsm architecture overview the imsi identifies the subscriber within the gsm network while the ms isdn is the actual telephone number a caller possibly in another network uses to reach that person. Sms gateway basic concepts, sms network architecture. Explain gsm architecture with a neat block diagram, highlighting all. A gsm modem requires a sim card to be operated and operates over a network range subscribed by the network operator. Smal application layer smtl transfer layer smrl relay layer smll lower layers ozeki ng. Radio access network core network gsmgprsbased utran ue iu cs uu iur pstn bs rnc msc vlr gmsc hlr iub 3gpp rel. This basic tutorial on gsm architecture also covers gsm burst types, gsm frame structure, gsm channels, gsm physical layer and so on.
Gsm is a digital wireless communication technology used for mobiles. The gsm network can be split into three subnetworks. Unlike routing in the fixed network, where a terminal is semipermanently wired to a central office, a gsm user can roam nationally and even internationally. A base station antenna carrying 2g gsm signals gsm network architecture elements.
The structure of a gsm network relies on several functional entities, which have been specified in terms of functions and interfaces. Generic architecture of gsm networks broadcast engineering. Gsm uses narrowband time division multiple access tdma for providing voice and text based services over mobile phone networks. At the end of the course you will understand what is gsm and full form and the gsm network architecture. Gsm is the short form of global system for mobile communications.